Genetics Quick Quiz

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Genetics essentials review

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L Kelly

United States

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Genetics Quick Quiz


Froggy Jumps Genetics Quick QuizOnline version Genetics essentials review by L Kelly 1 What is the primary goal of plant breeding? a To increase plant height only b To improve heredity for desirable traits c To create new species 2 Which term describes the genetic basis of continuous variation often seen in quantitative traits? a Polygenic (QTL) control b Single-gene dominance c Monogenic inheritance 3 In a dihybrid cross showing independent assortment, what is the classic phenotypic ratio observed in F2 if genes assort independently? a 3:3:3:1 b 9:3:3:1 c 1:1:1:1 4 What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells? a Haploid has two sets; diploid has one b Haploid has one set of chromosomes; diploid has two c Both have identical chromosome numbers 5 Which genetic phenomenon reduces chromosome number by half in meiosis? a Binary fission b Meiosis c Mitosis 6 What does a locus refer to on a chromosome? a The position of a gene b The total number of chromosomes c A type of DNA base 7 Which term best describes genes that are inherited together on the same chromosome? a Genomic imprinting b Genetic drift c Genetic linkage 8 In Hardy-Weinberg theory, what does p represent? a Genotypic frequency b Frequency of the recessive allele c Frequency of the dominant allele 9 What is a functional marker (FM) in marker-assisted selection? a A random DNA marker far from the gene b A marker within the gene that controls the trait c A marker only used for cultivar ID 10 Which type of polyploidy involves chromosome sets from different species? a Autoploidy only b Alloploidy (allotetraploid, etc.) c Diploidy with soma mutations 11 What is germplasm in plant breeding? a A database of crop prices b Genetic source material used to develop new cultivars c A type of fertilizer used in seed production 12 Name two main sources of germplasm. a Fertilizers and pesticides b Hybrid seeds and commercial hybrids c Landraces and wild species 13 What is the Svalbard Global Seed Vault primarily for? a Backup for seeds; duplicates and safeguarding in emergencies b Distributing seeds to farmers worldwide c Genetic modification of stored seeds 14 What does CMS stand for in plant breeding? a Cytoplasmic Male Sterility b Crop Maturity Schedule c Cromosomal Marker System 15 Genetic Combining Ability: GCA vs SCA? a GCA is dominance; SCA is heritability b GCA is environmental effect; SCA is mutation rate c GCA is additive effects; SCA is non-additive (specific) effects 16 What does Plant Variety Protection (PVP) require? a New, distinct, uniform, and stable varieties b High yield in all environments c Mandatory GMO status 17 What is MLS in germplasm distributions? a Mutual Licensing of Seeds b Multilateral System of access and benefit-sharing c Monolingual Licensing Scheme 18 What is Genomic Estimated Breeding Value (GEBV)? a Estimate of genetic merit using DNA markers and models b A measure of plant height c An index of soil fertility 19 Why is wild germplasm at risk? a Wild germplasm causes diseases b Wild germplasm is always sterile c Loss of habitat reduces genetic diversity 20 What is backcross breeding primarily used for? a Create completely new species b Move a few desirable alleles from donor to recurrent parent c Increase heterozygosity in pure lines 21 What does QTL stand for in genetics? a Quantitative Trait Linkage b Quantitative Trait Locus c Qualitative Trait Locus 22 Broad sense heritability measures the proportion of phenotypic variance due to what? a Genetic variance (VG) b Epistatic variance (VI) c Environmental variance (VE) 23 Which gene action is most linked to additive effects important in inbred lines? a Additive action b Overdominance c Epistatic action 24 Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) relies on markers that are linked to what? a Desirable traits b Random mutations c Neutral DNA regions 25 What is the main advantage of Functional Markers (FMs) over random DNA markers? a They are 100% predictive of phenotype b They mutate less often c They are cheaper to sequence 26 GWAS is an alternative to QTL mapping that covers what scope? a Single chromosome b Genome-wide c Only coding regions 27 What is the difference between Linkage and Linkage Disequilibrium? a Physical proximity vs statistical association b Same concept; just different terms c One is theoretical, the other experimental 28 CRISPR-Cas9 is used for what in plants? a Hybrid seed production b Precise genome editing c Marker development 29 What does the term 'Transgressive segregation' describe? a Progeny with trait values beyond parental range b A reduction in variation c Trait values identical to parents 30 Which mutation induction agent is commonly used in plants? a DNA ligase b CRISPR enzymes c EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate)

Genetics Quick Quiz

Froggy Jumps

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Genetics Quick QuizOnline version

by L Kelly

What is the primary goal of plant breeding?

Which term describes the genetic basis of continuous variation often seen in quantitative traits?

In a dihybrid cross showing independent assortment, what is the classic phenotypic ratio observed in F2 if genes assort independently?

What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Which genetic phenomenon reduces chromosome number by half in meiosis?

What does a locus refer to on a chromosome?

Which term best describes genes that are inherited together on the same chromosome?

In Hardy-Weinberg theory, what does p represent?

What is a functional marker (FM) in marker-assisted selection?

Which type of polyploidy involves chromosome sets from different species?

What is germplasm in plant breeding?

Name two main sources of germplasm.

What is the Svalbard Global Seed Vault primarily for?

What does CMS stand for in plant breeding?

Genetic Combining Ability: GCA vs SCA?

What does Plant Variety Protection (PVP) require?

What is MLS in germplasm distributions?

What is Genomic Estimated Breeding Value (GEBV)?

Why is wild germplasm at risk?

What is backcross breeding primarily used for?

What does QTL stand for in genetics?

Broad sense heritability measures the proportion of phenotypic variance due to what?

Which gene action is most linked to additive effects important in inbred lines?

Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) relies on markers that are linked to what?

What is the main advantage of Functional Markers (FMs) over random DNA markers?

GWAS is an alternative to QTL mapping that covers what scope?

What is the difference between Linkage and Linkage Disequilibrium?

CRISPR-Cas9 is used for what in plants?

What does the term 'Transgressive segregation' describe?

Which mutation induction agent is commonly used in plants?