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Reproductive system: Ferttilzation, embryo implantation and lactation

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Reproductive system: Ferttilzation, embryo implantation and lactation

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About this activity

fill in the blank for BMSC 208

Created by

Ervine Santiago
Ervine Santiago
Canada

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Reproductive system: Ferttilzation, embryo implantation and lactation
 

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Reproductive system: Ferttilzation, embryo implantation and lactationOnline version

fill in the blank for BMSC 208

by Ervine Santiago
1

Viabiliity of gametes : egg 12 - hours , sperm 2 days

Window of oppurtunity / days

2 days before ovulation and 1 day after ovulation


Ovullation occurs : swwep oocyte - > fallopian tube

In fallopian tube : movement of lumenial and contraction of muscle propel oocyte into uteru s

2

Fertilization requires : of the sperm

Capacitation - > or modification of the acrosome

Acrosome - > protetive protein coat , found at the sectino and contains enzymes for penetration into the oocyte

3

Zona pellucida contains : glycoprotein

Sperm ZP3 intiates : acrosomal reaction ( increase of + ) which releases hydrolyzing to dissolve zona pelluicid a

4

An increase of [ Ca2 + ] during sprem ZP3 binding causes : release of acrosomal into oocyte

Penetration : oocyte undergoes reaction

OOCyte increase [ Ca2 + ] and triggers meiotic divisio n

5

Cortical reaction : release of by the coritcal vesicel

The granules contain enzymes : which causes zona pellucida to , prevents

Oocyte - complete its 2nd meitoitic division

Nucleus of mature oocyte become the female


The nucleus of sperm - > male pronclues

btoh male and female proncleus fuse to form zygot with chromosom e

6

First : ovulation
Day 1 : fertilziation
Day2 - 4 - takes place
day 4 - 5 : blastocyst reaches
Day 5 - 9 - implants

7

1st division : 24 horus after fertilization

day4 : coverd with zona pellucida

5 dyas fter ovulation : Morula - >

Endometrium produce / secrete : uterine milk which nourishes embryo

Day 5 , blastocyst caivity is fortmed , is called blastocyst

8

implantation occurs after

It has 3 stages : , ,

Apposition :
- >loose between inner cell mass of blastocyst towrds endometrial epithelium

Adhesion :
_> attachemetn of to endometrial need receptor interactions
- >involves as adhesive for cells on the extracullular of trophoblast
- > integrins bind to ( matric proteins )
- >Endometrium becoms or decdiual cells
- > endometrial : expresses integrins for fibronectin and , serve as markeres for embryo implantation
- >ligand receptor interactions : the uterine epithelial cells from their basal lamina this faciliatas of trophoblast

9

Invasion :

trophoblast differntiates into seperated layers next to decidua
- > inner cytorophoblast
- >outer syncytiotrophohblast


cytorophoblast : functions as cell for trophocytes

syncytiotrophohblast : forms strucutre towrds uterine epithelial cell

- >protrusions then proliferate and penetrate basal memrbane infilitrating stroma


days after fertilization
- > blastocyte embedded in the decidua

12 - days after fertilization
- > syncytiotrophohblast veins and arteris , creates direct with maternal vessels
- >parrallel to this : cytorophoblast> proliferate small mounds : chorionic villi
- - - > chorion : highy emrboyinc memrbane
- - - - > primary chorioninc viili grow and proleifert : forming chorionic villi

> cells invade chorionic vill forms : fetal blood vessels ( tertiary chorionic vili )


differntiaoin nad amplification of surface area of fetal tissues :
- >keep protuyding into maternal blood
- > creates mature choriioninc villi htat face blood vessel


- > cytorophoblast , messenchyme and fetal blood vesselkls ( mature vhorinoinc villie ) lie next to syncytiotrophoblast

- > syncytiotrophoblast merge with mature chorionic villi to create space

mature placenta :
- > fetal blood from maternal blood
- > by fetal endothelium , some mesenchym , cytotophobloasts , synciotrpoophoblast s

10

Controlled by both hormal nad phsical stimualtion

Milk is an if fats : which contains locatose , proteins and electrolytes

Differs from : thin , yellowish milk like substance after days partutirtion ,

principle horomes ; -
- > secreted and produced by pituitary gland
- >milk production need levels of estrogen and progestoerone after paturitiion
- > dopamin release of prolactin

sucklig : stimulus for prolactin release
- >nerve impluses ; breast - > spinal - >
- > of dopaminergic neruons in hypothalmus - > decrease release of dopamine
_> decrease - > no inhibitino in prolactin release

_ . also stimulation cause hypothalmus to procude :
- - - - >oxytocin moves fown to pituitary and into systemic ciruclation
- - - - - > enhance milk ejectino , bny of cells surronding alveoli , callled let -


breast feeding could supress
- > production of and decrease FSH and LH productio n

 
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