Active and Reactive Power

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AC System Fundamentals

Created by

Professor Haitham RAMADAN

France

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Froggy Jumps Active and Reactive PowerOnline version AC System Fundamentals by Professor Haitham RAMADAN 1 What is active power (P) measured in and what does it represent? a P is measured in volt-amperes-reactive and represents reactive energy b P is measured in volt-amps and represents apparent power flow c P is measured in watts (W) and represents real power used by the load 2 What does reactive power (Q) represent in a circuit? a Q represents real energy consumed by the load (W) b Q represents the energy exchanged between source and reactive elements (VAR) c Q represents instantaneous power only in DC circuits 3 Which unit expresses apparent power (S)? a S is measured in watts (W) b S is measured in volt-amperes (VA) c S is measured in watt-hours (Wh) 4 How is power factor (PF) defined? a PF = S / P b PF = P / S = cos(phi) c PF = Q / S 5 How does inductive loading affect reactive power sign? a Inductive loads typically produce positive Q (lagging) b Inductive loads produce negative Q (leading) c Inductive loads do not affect Q 6 What is the relationship among P, Q, and S? a P + Q = S b P^2 + Q^2 = S^2 c P - Q = S 7 Which condition maximizes real power transfer to a load? a Zero P and high Q b Power factor close to 1 (P ≈ S, Q ≈ 0) c High Q with low P 8 If the voltage is constant and PF = 0, what is P? a P = S b P = 0 W c P = Q 9 What does a lagging power factor indicate? a Inductive load with positive Q b Capacitive load with negative Q c No reactive power 10 Which quantity changes if voltage or current phase shifts? a Apparent power S only b Active power P only c Reactive power Q and the power factor PF

Froggy Jumps

Active and Reactive PowerOnline version

AC System Fundamentals

by Professor Haitham RAMADAN

What is active power (P) measured in and what does it represent?

P is measured in volt-amperes-reactive and represents reactive energy

P is measured in volt-amps and represents apparent power flow

P is measured in watts (W) and represents real power used by the load

What does reactive power (Q) represent in a circuit?

Q represents real energy consumed by the load (W)

Q represents the energy exchanged between source and reactive elements (VAR)

Q represents instantaneous power only in DC circuits

Which unit expresses apparent power (S)?

S is measured in watts (W)

S is measured in volt-amperes (VA)

S is measured in watt-hours (Wh)

How is power factor (PF) defined?

PF = S / P

PF = P / S = cos(phi)

PF = Q / S

How does inductive loading affect reactive power sign?

Inductive loads typically produce positive Q (lagging)

Inductive loads produce negative Q (leading)

Inductive loads do not affect Q

What is the relationship among P, Q, and S?

P + Q = S

P^2 + Q^2 = S^2

P - Q = S

Which condition maximizes real power transfer to a load?

Zero P and high Q

Power factor close to 1 (P ≈ S, Q ≈ 0)

High Q with low P

If the voltage is constant and PF = 0, what is P?

P = S

P = 0 W

P = Q

What does a lagging power factor indicate?

Inductive load with positive Q

Capacitive load with negative Q

No reactive power

Which quantity changes if voltage or current phase shifts?

Apparent power S only

Active power P only

Reactive power Q and the power factor PF

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Active and Reactive Power

Froggy Jumps

About this activity

Created by

Download the paper version to play

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Active and Reactive PowerOnline version

by Professor Haitham RAMADAN

What is active power (P) measured in and what does it represent?

What does reactive power (Q) represent in a circuit?

Which unit expresses apparent power (S)?

How is power factor (PF) defined?

How does inductive loading affect reactive power sign?

What is the relationship among P, Q, and S?

Which condition maximizes real power transfer to a load?

If the voltage is constant and PF = 0, what is P?

What does a lagging power factor indicate?

Which quantity changes if voltage or current phase shifts?

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