Matching Pairs DC500 Test 2Online version Error Causes and Prevention by Ricky Tuari 1 Transport Layer 2 Network Layer 3 Cross-Talk 4 White Noise 5 Inter modulation noise 6 Attenuation 7 Datalink Layer 8 Impulse Noise 9 Echo Cause: Multiplexer guard bands are too small or wires too close together. Prevention: Increase the guard bands or move or shield the wires. Cause: Signals from several circuits combine. Prevention: Move or shield the wires. TCP, UDP, DCCP,... Cause: Poor connections (causing signal to be reflected back to the source) Prevention: Fix the connections, or tune equipment. IPv4, IPv6, IPsec, ARP, RARP,... Cause: Sudden increase in electricity Prevention: Shield or move the wires Cause: Gradual decrease in signal over distance (weakening of a signal) Prevention: Use repeaters or amplifiers 802.11, ATM, Ethernet, FDDI, PPP, L2TP,... Cause: Movement of electrons (Thermal Energy) Prevention: Increase Signal Strength (Increase SNR)
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