Fill in the Blanks Chapter 19: The EnlightenmentOnline version History 104 SI on Chapter 19: The Enlightenment for mad libs. by Jessica Fox 1 Montesquieu Beccaria Spinoza Kant Hume Locke Bayle Rousseau Voltaire Smith advanced the idea that nothing can be known beyond all doubt . envisioned a deterministic universe in which good and evil were merely relative values and human actions were the result of outside circumstances , not free will . argued that at birth the human mind is blank and all ideas are derived from sensory experience . He believed that human development is determined by external forces , not innate characteristics . argued that the ideal government would have a separation of power and that political power would be divided unequally among the different social classes . supported religious toleration and believed in God but rejected formal religious institutions . argued that , rather than liberating the individual , rationalism and civilization destroyed individualism . Believed that sovereign power should belong to all the people , not a monarch emphasized the superiority of human passion over reason in driving human behavior . believed that the pursuit of individual self - interest in a competitive market would lead to rising prosperity and greater social equality . suggested that freedom of the press and speech would lead to an enlightened society . made a plea for reform of the penal system that advocated the prevention of crime over its punishment .
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