Eng Geology KNS1102 ExerciseOnline version Exercise for Engineering Geology Course by Alsidqi Hasan 1 A science or study about solid earth is called _____________ Written answer 2 The layers of earth were determined by monitoring changed in ___________ ____________ Written answer 3 The depth of the earth crust is about __________ km Written answer 4 The earth's crust consists of ____________ crust and continental crust Written answer 5 What type of crust that is rich of oxygen, silicon and aluminum? Written answer 6 What type of crust that is rich of iron, calcium, and magnesium? Written answer 7 The boundary between crust and mantle is called the ______________ Written answer 8 Earth mantle is about ___________ km thick Written answer 9 Core makes up _____ % of earth's mass Written answer 10 The earth's core is mostly made of _________ and ___________ Written answer 11 The uppermost rheological layer of earth is called _______________ Written answer 12 Geologic process due to forces that are active internally within earth is called ______________ Written answer 13 Pieces of the lithosphere that move around (floats) are called ______________ ______________ Written answer 14 Malaysia is on ______________ plate. Written answer 15 What causes the plates movements? Written answer 16 Volcanic belt on an overriding plate is called ___________ ____________ Written answer 17 Whn two plates collide, one plate bends and sinks downward into the astenosphere. This process is called _____________ Written answer 18 Zone where a plate is being pulled apart is called ___________ __________ Written answer 19 ___________ plate boundaries create no volcanoes. Written answer 20 The origin of all present continents is called _____________ Written answer 21 The continental drift hypothesis was proposed by ____________ ___________ Written answer 22 Evidence for sea-floor spreading is _____________ _____________ Written answer 23 Three types of correlations in determining geologic time scale: _____________ , _____________ and _____________ Written answer 24 Geologic time scale is divided into: __________, ____________, ____________, and ____________ Written answer 25 geologic time scale larger than eon is called _________ _________ Written answer 26 geologic time scale smaller than epoch is called ______________ Written answer 27 Physical processes as we see today are also operated in the past at approximately the same rates. This principle is called __________________ Written answer 28 Each layer in sedimentary rock must be younger than the one below. This principle is called _______________ Written answer 29 Sediments are deposited on relatively horizontal surfaces. This principle is called _____________ Written answer 30 Sediments generally accumulate in continous sheets. This principle is called ______________ ______________ Written answer 31 If an igneous intrusion contains fragments of another rock, the fragments must be older than the intrusion. This principle is called _____________ Written answer 32 Absolute age is determined using ____________ technology Written answer 33 The original isotope that undergoes the change is called ___________ ___________ Written answer 34 The time how long it will take half of a group of isotopes to decay is called ________ ________ Written answer 35 The study to determine rock ages based on radiometric is called _______________ Written answer 36 A naturally occuring substance, can be represented by a chemical formula, is usually solid and inorganic, and has a crystal structure is called _______________ Written answer 37 Organic mineral abundant in Sarawak is called _____________ Written answer 38 SEM stands for _____________ Electron _____________ Written answer 39 _____________ is one of the properties of mineral which means cannot be broken into simpler components without changing its properties. Written answer 40 _____________ is one of the properties of mineral which means able to maintain a set shape. Written answer 41 A type of crystal bond where atoms are sharing their electrons is called ______________ Written answer 42 Minerals that have the same chemical composition but different crystal structure is called _______________ Written answer 43 Obsidian is a mineral made from ___________ of a melt. Written answer 44 A crystal with well formed crystal faces is called ____________ Written answer 45 A crystal with poorly formed crystal faces is called ____________ Written answer 46 _________ is the color of the pulverized powder of a mineral done by scraping the mineral against a porcelain plate. Written answer 47 The way a mineral's surface scatters light is called ____________ Written answer 48 The measure of mineral's hardness is called _______ Written answer 49 Moh's hardness scale for diamond is ________ Written answer 50 ______________ ____________ is a description of a mineral's consistent shape. Written answer 51 The tendency of a mineral to break along a plane of weakness in the crystal lattice is called _____________ Written answer 52 __________ (Fe2O3) can have various colors but its streak is always red-brown. Written answer 53 The tendency for a mineral to break along irregular scoop-shaped fractures that are not related to weaknesses in the crystal structure is called _____________ _____________ Written answer 54 _________ is a mineral that has a salty taste. Written answer 55 Rock-forming minerals that dominate the earth's crust is ____________ Written answer 56 There are two mineral groups: ____________ and ______________ Written answer 57 Feldspar falls within ____________ group Written answer 58 Quartz falls within _________ group Written answer 59 Clay mineral falls within __________ group Written answer 60 Silicates group are classified into __________ and __________ colors Written answer 61 Calcite falls within ______________ group Written answer 62 gypsum falls within ___________ group Written answer 63 Diamonds are contained in rocks called ________________ Written answer 64 Kimberlite rocks can be found in ___________ __________ Written answer 65 Interrelationships between three types of rocks is called _________ __________ Written answer 66 Three major groups of rocks: _______________, ______________, and _______________ Written answer 67 A substance that can easily change into a gas at relatively low temperature is called _____________ Written answer 68 Igneous rocks can be classified into: ____________ and _____________ Written answer 69 The sequence how minerals crystalize as magma cools is called __________ ____________ _____________ Written answer 70 Two trends in Bowen's reaction: Continuous and _______________ Written answer 71 The process by which sediments become compacted and cemented together into a sedimentary rock is called ________________ Written answer 72 ____________ mobilizes particles by weathering, most commonly by rainfall and gravity Written answer 73 Sedimentary rock is classified into __________ and _____________ Written answer 74 __________ is the name of sediment as a result from gravity falls or landslides Written answer 75 The name of the rock at figure (b) is _______________ Written answer 76 Metamorphic rocks are transformed from sedimentary rocks by __________ and ___________ Written answer 77 Marble falls within ____________ rock Written answer 78 Schist falls within ____________ rock Written answer 79 Gneiss falls within _________ rock Written answer 80 Metamorphic rock can be classified into _____________ and _____________ Written answer 81 The repetition of planar surfaces or layers in a metamorphic rock is called ________________ Written answer 82 _________ ___________ forms perpendicular to the compression direction in metamorphic rock. Written answer 83 Amphibolite has foliation? (yes or no) Written answer 84 Five categories of surface processes: ____________, _______________, ________________, _______________, and _______________ ________________ Written answer 85 ______________ is defined as physical/mechanical and chemical breakdown of rocks at or near the surface Written answer 86 Fracturing as fissure water or porewater freezes and expands is called ______________ ______________ Written answer 87 Red soil, high iron and aluminum, low silica, formed in tropics is called ____________ Written answer 88 Agents of weathering: _____________ and _____________ Written answer 89 A process of breaking down silicates to form clay by water is called _____________ Written answer 90 Rainwater and soil water dissolve ____________ therefore creates fissures and caves Written answer 91 Erosion is also called _______________ Written answer 92 Mass wasting is also called ____________ _____________ Written answer 93 Transfer of material down slope by gravity and erosion is called _________ ______________ Written answer 94 Three types of unconsolidated cover: ___________ soil, _____________ soil, and _________ cover Written answer 95 _______________ soil is derived from in-situ weathering of the rocks. Written answer 96 A vertical cross section from the surface down to the parent material is called ________ ____________ Written answer 97 Partially altered parent material in a soil profile is denoted by a letter ___ Written answer 98 ______________ is a type of transported soil by water as an agent. Written answer 99 ___________ cover is derived from plant materials Written answer 100 Drainage per area of landform is called ____________ _______________ Written answer
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