Monohybrid inheritance (Upper Sixth Science Biology)Online version Test your knowledge on genetic symbols and rules for drawing crosses! by YAKILI LMS 1 What does a capital letter represent in genetic symbols? a Heterozygous allele b Homozygous allele c Recessive allele d Dominant allele 2 What is the purpose of a Punnett square? a To classify organisms b To predict genetic outcomes c To identify traits d To draw genetic symbols 3 What does a lowercase letter indicate in genetic notation? a Recessive allele b Dominant allele c Homozygous allele d Phenotype 4 Which of the following represents a homozygous dominant genotype? a aa b Aa c AA d A 5 In a dihybrid cross, how many traits are typically analyzed? a Four traits b Two traits c One trait d Three traits 6 What is the F1 generation? a Third filial generation b Parental generation c First filial generation d Second filial generation 7 What does the term 'phenotype' refer to? a Physical expression of traits b Genetic makeup c Allele combination d Dominance relationship 8 Which symbol is often used to represent a male in genetic diagrams? a Diamond b Circle c Square d Triangle 9 What does a vertical line between two symbols indicate in a pedigree? a Sibling relationship b Mating c Divorce d Offspring 10 What is the expected phenotypic ratio in a monohybrid cross? a 1:1 b 1:2:1 c 3:1 d 9:3:3:1 11 What is a monohybrid cross? a A genetic cross between individuals with one differing trait. b A cross that produces only homozygous offspring. c A cross involving multiple traits. d A cross between two identical organisms. 12 What ratio did Mendel observe in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross? a 2:2 ratio of traits. b 1:1 ratio of dominant to recessive traits. c 3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive traits. d 9:3:3:1 ratio of traits. 13 Which term describes the genetic makeup of an organism? a Homozygous. b Allele. c Genotype. d Phenotype. 14 What does the term 'dominant allele' mean? a An allele that only expresses in homozygous conditions. b An allele that has no effect on the phenotype. c An allele that is always expressed. d An allele that expresses its trait even in the presence of a recessive allele. 15 What is the phenotype ratio in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross? a 2:2. b 3:1. c 1:2:1. d 9:3:3:1. 16 What did Mendel conclude about traits? a Traits are inherited in pairs only. b Traits are inherited independently and can be dominant or recessive. c Traits are always blended in offspring. d All traits are equally expressed. 17 What is the purpose of a Punnett square? a To determine the age of an organism. b To measure genetic variation. c To analyze environmental effects on traits. d To predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring. 18 In a monohybrid cross, what does 'P' stand for? a Punnett. b Phenotype. c Progeny. d Parental generation. 19 What is the expected genotype ratio in the F2 generation? a 9:3:3:1. b 3:1. c 1:2:1. d 2:2. 20 Who is known as the father of genetics? a Louis Pasteur. b Charles Darwin. c Gregor Mendel. d James Watson. 21 What is complete dominance? a A situation where both alleles are equally expressed. b A type of codominance. c A genetic scenario where one allele completely masks the effect of another. d A form of incomplete dominance. 22 In a complete dominance cross, what phenotype does the dominant allele express? a Only in heterozygous individuals. b Only in homozygous individuals. c Neither phenotype is expressed. d The dominant phenotype is expressed in both homozygous and heterozygous individuals. 23 Which symbol typically represents a dominant allele? a A special character. b An uppercase letter. c A lowercase letter. d A number. 24 What is the expected phenotypic ratio in a monohybrid cross with complete dominance? a 3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes. b 9:3:3:1 ratio. c 1:1 ratio. d 1:2:1 ratio. 25 In a cross of Aa x Aa, what proportion of offspring will show the dominant phenotype? a 50%. b 25%. c 100%. d 75% will show the dominant phenotype. 26 What does the 'A' represent in a genotype like Aa? a A mutation. b A phenotype. c The recessive allele. d The dominant allele. 27 What is the genotype of a homozygous dominant individual? a aa. b Aa. c AA. d A. 28 In a complete dominance scenario, what happens to the recessive allele? a It becomes dominant. b It is masked by the dominant allele. c It is expressed alongside the dominant allele. d It has no effect. 29 What type of genetic cross is used to study complete dominance? a Test cross. b Dihybrid cross. c Back cross. d Monohybrid cross. 30 Which of the following is an example of a trait that exhibits complete dominance? a Blood type in humans. b Color in snapdragons. c Flower color in pea plants (purple vs. white). d Height in pea plants. 31 What is incomplete dominance? a Only one allele is expressed. b Both alleles are expressed equally. c One allele completely masks another. d A genetic situation where neither allele is completely dominant. 32 In incomplete dominance, what phenotype results from a heterozygous genotype? a A blend of both parental traits. b A mix of dominant traits. c Only one parent's trait. d No visible traits. 33 Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance? a All offspring are white. b Red and white flowers producing pink offspring. c Red and white flowers producing red offspring. d Only red flowers are produced. 34 What symbol is often used to represent alleles in a cross involving incomplete dominance? a Different letters or colors for each allele. b Only lowercase letters. c Only capital letters. d Numbers. 35 In a cross between a red flower (RR) and a white flower (WW), what is the genotype of the offspring? a RR b RW. c WW d RrWw 36 How can you visually represent incomplete dominance? a Using a bar graph. b Using a line graph. c Using a Punnett square to show allele combinations. d Using a pie chart. 37 What is the expected phenotype ratio in a monohybrid cross of incomplete dominance? a 3:1 ratio. b 1:2:1 ratio. c 1:1 ratio. d 2:1 ratio. 38 What happens to the traits in incomplete dominance? a They blend together in the phenotype. b Traits are expressed separately. c One trait is lost. d Only dominant traits are visible. 39 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of incomplete dominance? a Complete masking of one allele. b Blending of traits. c Heterozygous expression. d Intermediate phenotypes. 40 In a cross of two pink flowers (RW), what is the probability of producing a red flower? a 0%. b 25%. c 75%. d 50%. 41 What is monohybrid inheritance? a Inheritance of multiple traits b Inheritance of traits from both parents c Inheritance of a single trait controlled by one gene. d Inheritance of environmental factors 42 What is the genotype of a homozygous dominant organism? a Aa b AB c aa d AA 43 In a monohybrid cross, what is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring? a 2:1 b 3:1 c 1:2 d 1:1 44 What does the term 'allele' refer to? a Different forms of a gene. b The DNA sequence c The physical appearance d The chromosome number 45 What is the phenotype of a heterozygous organism with a dominant trait? a Recessive trait expressed b Both traits expressed equally c No trait expressed d Dominant trait expressed. 46 What is the purpose of a Punnett square? a To measure trait intensity b To determine the age of an organism c To analyze environmental effects d To predict the genetic outcomes of a cross. 47 What is the genotype of a homozygous recessive organism? a Aa b AA c aa d Ab 48 Which generation is typically represented as F1? a Third filial generation b First filial generation. c Parental generation d Second filial generation 49 What does 'P' stand for in genetic crosses? a Phenotype b Progeny c Punnett square d Parental generation. 50 What is the expected genotype ratio from a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents? a 1:1 b 1:2:1 c 2:1 d 3:1
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