Culture Shock: U.S. vs Indonesian CCOnline version
Cross Culture Understanding
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🌎Culture Shock: U.S. vs Indonesian CC
Preseted by: - Muhammad Agung Tri Yoviadi (24340027)
- Annisa Kurnia Fitri (24340015)
- Kharisma Dyah Claradwitha (24340014)
Cross Culture Understanding Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
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Introduction: What Is Culture Shock?
- Emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reaction to an unfamiliar culture.
- Oberg (1960): “Anxiety from losing familiar signs and symbols of social interaction.”
- Common reactions: homesickness, confusion, frustration, loneliness.
- Four stages (U-curve): Honeymoon → Crisis → Recovery → Adjustment (Oberg, 1960; Ward et al., 2001)
Oberg (1960): Classic four-stage model of culture shock. Berry (1997): Acculturation strategies: - Assimilation (adopt host culture),
- Integration (blend both),
- Separation (stay with home culture),
- Marginalization (feel disconnected).
Ward, Bochner & Furnham (2001): - Psychological adjustment: emotional well-being.
- Sociocultural adjustment: ability to function effectively.
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Key Cultural Differences: U.S. vs Indonesia
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Common Misunderstandings
- Direct feedback vs face-saving: Americans may sound blunt; Indonesians may avoid saying “no” directly.
- Time & scheduling: Americans expect strict timing; Indonesians see time as negotiable.
- Classroom behavior: American professors expect open debate; Indonesian students often hesitate out of respect.
- Religion & food: Lack of understanding about prayer times or halal food options can cause discomfort.
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Evidence: Indonesian Students in the U.S.
Common struggles: - Language barriers, loneliness, different learning styles, culture-related stress.
- Social support (friends, mentors) reduces anxiety and increases adjustment.
- Students with open-mindedness and proactive behavior adapt faster.
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Coping Strategies & Adaptation
Individual strategies: - Manage expectations — culture shock is normal.
- Learn and observe local norms before judging.
- Join student clubs, international offices, or Indonesian associations.
- Maintain personal routines (prayer, food, journaling).
Institutional strategies: - Pre-departure orientation and ongoing mentoring.
- Cultural sensitivity workshops.
- Campus support for religion, food, and counseling.
- Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology, 46(1), 5–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1997.tb01087.x
- Demes, K. A., & Geeraert, N. (2015). The highs and lows of a cultural transition. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 512. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00512
- Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond Culture. Doubleday.
- Hofstede, G. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. McGraw-Hill.
- Oberg, K. (1960). Cultural shock: Adjustment to new cultural environments. Practical Anthropology, 7, 177–182.
- Ward, C., Bochner, S., & Furnham, A. (2001). The Psychology of Culture Shock (2nd ed.). Routledge.
- Hasyim, H., & Nur, S. (2022). Culture Shock Experienced by Indonesian Students in the U.S. IDEAS Journal, 10(2).
- Phillo, C., & Susanto, E. H. (2021). Culture Shock Phenomenon among Indonesian Students Returning from Abroad. Atlantis Press.
- Ting-Toomey, S. (2018). Communicating Across Cultures (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
- Gudykunst, W. B., & Kim, Y. Y. (2003). Communicating with Strangers (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
- Smith, R. A., & Khawaja, N. G. (2011). A review of the acculturation experiences of international students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35, 699–713.
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