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Disacáridos: azúcares dobles

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Disacáridos: azúcares dobles

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Explora disacáridos y sus enlaces

Created by

ANGELICA DEL CARMEN VALLE ROCHA
ANGELICA DEL CARMEN VALLE ROCHA
Nicaragua

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Disacáridos: azúcares dobles
 

Disacáridos: azúcares doblesOnline version

Explora disacáridos y sus enlaces

by ANGELICA DEL CARMEN VALLE ROCHA
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1. ¿Qué son los disacáridos?

Los disacáridos son azúcares formados por dos monosacáridos unidos por un enlace glicosídico. Son azúcares simples que se degradan fácilmente.
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2. Enlace glicosídico

El enlace glicosídico une dos azúcares mediante una reacción de condensación. Puede ser α o β, y determina la estructura del disacárido.
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3. Ejemplos comunes

Sacarosa (glucosa+fructosa), lactosa (glucosa+galactosa) y maltosa (glucosa+glucosa) son los disacáridos más estudiados y alimentarios.
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4. Sacarosa

La sacarosa se obtiene de la caña de azúcar y remolacha. Se presenta como azúcar de mesa y se hidroliza en glucosa y fructosa.
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5. Lactosa

La lactosa está en la leche. Se hidroliza a glucosa y galactosa; algunas personas presentan intolerancia a la lactasa.
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6. Maltosa

La maltosa se forma al amilose y amilopectina. Se hidroliza en dos moléculas de glucosa y aparece durante la fermentación.
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7. Enlaces específicos

Sacarosa: α1→β2. Lactosa: β1→4. Maltosa: α1→4. La posición y configuración afectan su digestión.
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8. Digestión de disacáridos

La digestión ocurre en el intestino delgado mediante enzimas como la sacarasa, lactasa y maltasa, liberando glucosa y otros monosacáridos.
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9. Importancia nutricional

Proporcionan energía rápida. Su absorción depende de enzimas intestinales y de la salud digestiva del individuo.
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10. Propiedades y uso

Propiedades endulzantes, solubles en agua y sabor característico. Se usan en alimentos procesados, panadería y productos lácteos.
 
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