1
is presented as the most efficient cycle conceivable and can be used to obtain efficiencies of the other heat engine.
2
is completed when the property values of the system at certain stages have returned to their original values
3
generated outputs of all power cycles
4
major inputs of all power cycles
5
also called thermal or power engines, closed systems operating in cycles that produces an output work
6
or reversed engine, closed system operating in cycles that produces a refrigerating effect with work thru the compressor is applied to the system
7
medium of heat transfer, where energy can be stored and taken out.
8
from which the WS receives heat
9
to which the WS rejects heat
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where the WS do work/have work done on it.
11
This cycle have 2-isothermal processes (a-b and c-d) and 2-adiabatic processes (b-c and d-a), as shown in the figure below.
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processes: a-b is considered as isothermal expansion, bc as heat rejection, c-d isothermal compression, and d-a isentropic heat addition.
13
ideal work (isentropic) of compression divided by the actual work (adiabatic)
14
is composed of: 2-isothermal processes, expansion (ab) and compression (c-d); and 2-isometric processes, heat rejection (b-c) and addition (d-a), with regeneration at constant volume
15
The cycle consists of 2-isothermal expansion or heat addition (a-b) and compression or heat rejection (c-d) processes, and 2-isobaric expansion (d-a) and compression (b-c) processes, with regeneration and constant pressure
16
Spark-ignition, SI engine, ex. Gasoline engine
17
The cycle consists of 2-isentropic compression (d-a) and expansion (b-c), 2-isometric heat addition (a-b) and heat rejection (c-d) processes.
18
Compression-ignition, CI engine, ex. Diesel engine
19
The cycle consists of 2-isentropic compression (d-a) and expansion (b-c), 1-isobaric heat addition (a-b), and 1-isometric heat rejection (c-d) processes.
20
The cycle consists of 2-isentropic compression (d-a) and expansion (b-c), and 2- isobaric heat addition (a-b) and rejection (c-d) processes
21
The cycle consists of 1- isentropic (c-a), 1-polytropic (a-b), and 1- isothermal (b-c) processes.
22
is a typical two-phase cycle
23
of an engine or power plant is the mass of steam (lbm, kg) to perform a unit of work, the work unit usually being either a hp-hr or kw-hr.
24
of an engine or power plant is the energy chargeable per unit of work. For the Rankine engine the heat rate is
25
when the work is measured as the overall combined output of the turbogenerator combination.
26
has similar processes as in Power cycle, 2- isothermal and 2-isentropic processes, except that the flow is reversed or counterclockwise in direction.
27
the capacity unit of the amount of heat that must be extracted to freeze 1 ton of water at 32oF into ice at 32oF (at 1 atm) in 1 day, and this steady rate of refrigeration is called a ton of refrigeration or simply ton denoted by the symbol TR.
28
is the most common method in which the vapor refrigerant undergoes compression (compressor) to high temperature and pressure for the rejection of heat in the condenser and expands (expansion valve) to liquid form at low temperature and pressure at the evaporator
29
uses water as refrigerant operating under negative pressure
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uses gas or air as refrigerant in the system
31
uses at least two liquid chemicals in the system, one serving as refrigerant which is absorbed by another as absorbent on the low-pressure side of the system and the heat absorbed by the refrigerant is given up on the high-pressure side at the same time releasing the refrigerant from the absorbent.
32
The ideal case all flow is without friction, except flow through the expansion valve, and all processes except those in the condenser and evaporator are adiabatic
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