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Action Potential Phases Quiz

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Action Potential Phases Quiz

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Test your knowledge of action potential phases!

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Elsa
Elsa
Australia

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Action Potential Phases Quiz
 

Action Potential Phases QuizOnline version

Test your knowledge of action potential phases!

by Elsa
1

At resting membrane potential, what channels are open?

2

You are an action potential, what must the charge inside the neuron be to reach threshold voltage and move to the next step?

3

The steep incline in the action potential is due to the influx of sodium, at the peak, the inactivation gate of the sodium gated channel closes stopping this influx of sodium, what causes the falling phase of the action potential?

4

What occurs just after hyper-polarisation period to allow the membrane to return to resting membrane potential?

5

What prevents action potentials from being fired again too quickly?

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At resting membrane potential (RMP) sodium and potassium leak channels are open. These channels allow the flow of sodium and potassium ions in and out of the cell to maintain resting membrane potential. It allows potassium to flow out of the cell down its concentration gradient as it is more concentrated within the cell. This causes the cell to lose positive charge however, this is slightly opposed by sodium entering the cell. Sodium flows into the cell down its concentration gradient as it is more concentrated out of the cell. More potassium leaves than sodium enters resulting in an overall negative membrane potential.

Threshold voltage is around = around -50mV Equilibrium potential of potassium = -90mV Equilibrium potential of sodium = +60mV Resting membrane potential voltage = -70mV

Opening of voltage-gated potassium channels. Due to there being a higher concentration of potassium within the cell and a lack of sufficient negative charge, it will exit down its concentration gradient. As potassium is positively charged, the loss of positive charge will decrease the membrane voltage and hence creating the falling phase of an action potential.

The slow closure of potassium voltage gated channels, prevents the continued efflux of potassium. The leak channels remain open still allowing positively charged sodium to enter. This increases the positive charge of the membrane bringing it back to -70mV.

Absolute refractory period when the voltage gated sodium channels are inactivated and fully closed. The neuron cannot fire another action potential no matter the signal it receives. This prevents action potentials from occurring too quickly after one another. An action potential can be fired during the relative refractory period, however a stronger stimulus is needed to reach threshold voltage.

 
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