Quiz: Cell Structure Quiz (health)


Cell Structure QuizOnline version Cell organelles and functions by Anotida 1 What is the plasma membrane primarily made of? a Phospholipid bilayer reinforced with cholesterol b Feedback: The membrane structure is a phospholipid bilayer with cholesterol embedded. c Proteins only d Carbohydrate shell e DNA double helix 2 Which organelle is described as a network of canals from the nuclear envelope? a Feedback: ER forms a network extending from the nuclear envelope. b Mitochondrion c Lysosome d Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) e Golgi apparatus 3 What is the main function of the rough ER? a Feedback: Rough ER synthesizes polypeptides that enter its lumen for processing. b Store calcium c Synthesize polypeptides that enter the ER d Produce ATP e Digest waste 4 What does the Golgi apparatus do with its products? a Rupture to release enzymes b Digest old organelles c Feedback: Golgi packages glycoproteins for transport. d Synthesize DNA e Package glycoproteins in globules 5 What are vesicles primarily used for? a Feedback: Vesicles carry or store cellular materials. b Protein synthesis c Transport molecules or store them d Genetic storage e Produce energy 6 Lysosomes are best described as what? a Tiny bags with digestive enzymes b Feedback: Lysosomes digest waste and damaged parts using enzymes. c Water storage sacs d Protein factories e Energy producers 7 Peroxisomes primarily detoxify what? a Harmful substances b Water c Oxygen d Nutrients e Feedback: Peroxisomes contain enzymes that detoxify harmful compounds. 8 Why are mitochondria called power plants? a Protein synthesis only b ATP synthesis occurs there c Feedback: Mitochondria produce ATP through respiration. d DNA storage e Lipid degradation 9 What is the nucleus primarily responsible for? a Manufacturing ribosomes b Feedback: The nucleus contains DNA and controls protein synthesis. c Housing genetic code (DNA) d Digesting waste e Storing lipids 10 Ribosomes are the sites of what cellular process? a Protein synthesis b Lipid breakdown c DNA replication d Glycogen storage e Feedback: Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins. 11 What is a characteristic of nonmembranous organelles? a Ribosomes and proteasomes lack membranes b Feedback: Some organelles like ribosomes and proteasomes are not bounded by membranes. c Nucleolus inside mitochondria d Cilia are membranous e Golgi is nonmembranous 12 What is the function of proteasomes? a Produce energy b Feedback: Proteasomes degrade abnormal proteins. c Store calcium d Synthesize lipids e Destroy misfolded proteins 13 Cytoskeleton provides what main support? a Feedback: It supports shape and enables movement. b DNA replication c Nutrient storage d Nuclei protection e Cell structure and movement 14 What are microvilli? a Flagella b Protein complexes c Fingerlike extensions to increase surface area d Hairlike sensory organs e Feedback: Microvilli boost absorptive surface area. 15 What do cilia and flagella do? a Feedback: Cilia move substances; flagella propel sperm. b Move substances or propel cells c Store fats d Engulf particles e Synthesize DNA 16 What is the nucleolus responsible for? a Ribosome subunit formation b Feedback: Nucleolus makes ribosomal subunits. c Membrane synthesis d Mitochondrial energy production e Chromosome packaging 17 What does the plasma membrane’s fluid mosaic model imply? a Molecules float and move within a bilayer b Proteins are never mobile c Feedback: Membrane components diffuse laterally within the bilayer. d Rigid and fixed structure e DNA is on the surface 18 What quality do membrane lipids provide to allow selective passage? a Hydrophobic tails form a barrier to water-soluble molecules b Cholesterol hardens the membrane completely c Feedback: The bilayer hinders passage of water-soluble substances. d DNA in the membrane controls gates e Hydrophilic cores transport everything 19 What is a role of membrane proteins that bind to molecules outside the cell? a Feedback: Some IMPs act as receptors triggering intracellular changes. b Detoxify proteins c Form receptors for signal transduction d Channel DNA replication e Store glucose 20 What are lipid rafts? a Rigid protein clusters b Membrane regions rich in cholesterol organizing components c Feedback: Rafts organize membrane components for functions like signaling. d Sites of DNA replication e Absorptive pores 21 What best describes centrosome and centrioles? a Feedback: Centrosome organizes microtubules during division. b Protein synthesis hub c MTOC organizing microtubules d Site of ATP production e DNA replication center Feedback 1 The plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with cholesterol. 2 ER extends from the nuclear envelope and has rough and smooth regions. 3 Rough ER synthesizes polypeptides that are folded and processed there. 4 Golgi processes and packages glycoproteins into vesicles. 5 Vesicles transport or store substances within the cell. 6 They digest damaged organelles and engulfed particles. 7 Peroxisomes detoxify reactive substances and toxins. 8 They generate ATP, the cell’s energy currency. 9 Nucleus houses chromatin/DNA and controls gene expression. 10 Ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins. 11 Ribosomes and proteasomes are nonmembranous. 12 Proteasomes perform protein quality control by degrading faulty proteins. 13 The cytoskeleton supports the cell and aids movement. 14 Microvilli expand surface area for absorption. 15 Cilia move substances on the surface; flagella propel cells. 16 The nucleolus assembles ribosome components. 17 The membrane is fluid; components can move within it. 18 Hydrophobic core resists water-soluble molecule passage. 19 Membrane proteins can act as receptors for signals. 20 Lipid rafts are cholesterol-rich platforms in membranes. 21 Centrosome acts as the microtubule-organizing center.

1

What is the plasma membrane primarily made of?

a

Phospholipid bilayer reinforced with cholesterol

b

Feedback: The membrane structure is a phospholipid bilayer with cholesterol embedded.

c

Proteins only

d

Carbohydrate shell

e

DNA double helix

2

Which organelle is described as a network of canals from the nuclear envelope?

a

Feedback: ER forms a network extending from the nuclear envelope.

b

Mitochondrion

c

Lysosome

d

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

e

Golgi apparatus

3

What is the main function of the rough ER?

a

Feedback: Rough ER synthesizes polypeptides that enter its lumen for processing.

b

Store calcium

c

Synthesize polypeptides that enter the ER

d

Produce ATP

e

Digest waste

4

What does the Golgi apparatus do with its products?

a

Rupture to release enzymes

b

Digest old organelles

c

Feedback: Golgi packages glycoproteins for transport.

d

Synthesize DNA

e

Package glycoproteins in globules

5

What are vesicles primarily used for?

a

Feedback: Vesicles carry or store cellular materials.

b

Protein synthesis

c

Transport molecules or store them

d

Genetic storage

e

Produce energy

6

Lysosomes are best described as what?

a

Tiny bags with digestive enzymes

b

Feedback: Lysosomes digest waste and damaged parts using enzymes.

c

Water storage sacs

d

Protein factories

e

Energy producers

7

Peroxisomes primarily detoxify what?

a

Harmful substances

b

Water

c

Oxygen

d

Nutrients

e

Feedback: Peroxisomes contain enzymes that detoxify harmful compounds.

8

Why are mitochondria called power plants?

a

Protein synthesis only

b

ATP synthesis occurs there

c

Feedback: Mitochondria produce ATP through respiration.

d

DNA storage

e

Lipid degradation

9

What is the nucleus primarily responsible for?

a

Manufacturing ribosomes

b

Feedback: The nucleus contains DNA and controls protein synthesis.

c

Housing genetic code (DNA)

d

Digesting waste

e

Storing lipids

10

Ribosomes are the sites of what cellular process?

a

Protein synthesis

b

Lipid breakdown

c

DNA replication

d

Glycogen storage

e

Feedback: Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins.

11

What is a characteristic of nonmembranous organelles?

a

Ribosomes and proteasomes lack membranes

b

Feedback: Some organelles like ribosomes and proteasomes are not bounded by membranes.

c

Nucleolus inside mitochondria

d

Cilia are membranous

e

Golgi is nonmembranous

12

What is the function of proteasomes?

a

Produce energy

b

Feedback: Proteasomes degrade abnormal proteins.

c

Store calcium

d

Synthesize lipids

e

Destroy misfolded proteins

13

Cytoskeleton provides what main support?

a

Feedback: It supports shape and enables movement.

b

DNA replication

c

Nutrient storage

d

Nuclei protection

e

Cell structure and movement

14

What are microvilli?

a

Flagella

b

Protein complexes

c

Fingerlike extensions to increase surface area

d

Hairlike sensory organs

e

Feedback: Microvilli boost absorptive surface area.

15

What do cilia and flagella do?

a

Feedback: Cilia move substances; flagella propel sperm.

b

Move substances or propel cells

c

Store fats

d

Engulf particles

e

Synthesize DNA

16

What is the nucleolus responsible for?

a

Ribosome subunit formation

b

Feedback: Nucleolus makes ribosomal subunits.

c

Membrane synthesis

d

Mitochondrial energy production

e

Chromosome packaging

17

What does the plasma membrane’s fluid mosaic model imply?

a

Molecules float and move within a bilayer

b

Proteins are never mobile

c

Feedback: Membrane components diffuse laterally within the bilayer.

d

Rigid and fixed structure

e

DNA is on the surface

18

What quality do membrane lipids provide to allow selective passage?

a

Hydrophobic tails form a barrier to water-soluble molecules

b

Cholesterol hardens the membrane completely

c

Feedback: The bilayer hinders passage of water-soluble substances.

d

DNA in the membrane controls gates

e

Hydrophilic cores transport everything

19

What is a role of membrane proteins that bind to molecules outside the cell?

a

Feedback: Some IMPs act as receptors triggering intracellular changes.

b

Detoxify proteins

c

Form receptors for signal transduction

d

Channel DNA replication

e

Store glucose

20

What are lipid rafts?

a

Rigid protein clusters

b

Membrane regions rich in cholesterol organizing components

c

Feedback: Rafts organize membrane components for functions like signaling.

d

Sites of DNA replication

e

Absorptive pores

21

What best describes centrosome and centrioles?

a

Feedback: Centrosome organizes microtubules during division.

b

Protein synthesis hub

c

MTOC organizing microtubules

d

Site of ATP production

e

DNA replication center

Feedback

1

The plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with cholesterol.

2

ER extends from the nuclear envelope and has rough and smooth regions.

3

Rough ER synthesizes polypeptides that are folded and processed there.

4

Golgi processes and packages glycoproteins into vesicles.

5

Vesicles transport or store substances within the cell.

6

They digest damaged organelles and engulfed particles.

7

Peroxisomes detoxify reactive substances and toxins.

8

They generate ATP, the cell’s energy currency.

9

Nucleus houses chromatin/DNA and controls gene expression.

10

Ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins.

11

Ribosomes and proteasomes are nonmembranous.

12

Proteasomes perform protein quality control by degrading faulty proteins.

13

The cytoskeleton supports the cell and aids movement.

14

Microvilli expand surface area for absorption.

15

Cilia move substances on the surface; flagella propel cells.

16

The nucleolus assembles ribosome components.

17

The membrane is fluid; components can move within it.

18

Hydrophobic core resists water-soluble molecule passage.

19

Membrane proteins can act as receptors for signals.

20

Lipid rafts are cholesterol-rich platforms in membranes.

21

Centrosome acts as the microtubule-organizing center.

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Cell Structure QuizOnline version

by Anotida

What is the plasma membrane primarily made of?

Which organelle is described as a network of canals from the nuclear envelope?

What is the main function of the rough ER?

What does the Golgi apparatus do with its products?

What are vesicles primarily used for?

Lysosomes are best described as what?

Peroxisomes primarily detoxify what?

Why are mitochondria called power plants?

What is the nucleus primarily responsible for?

Ribosomes are the sites of what cellular process?

What is a characteristic of nonmembranous organelles?

What is the function of proteasomes?

Cytoskeleton provides what main support?

What are microvilli?

What do cilia and flagella do?

What is the nucleolus responsible for?

What does the plasma membrane’s fluid mosaic model imply?

What quality do membrane lipids provide to allow selective passage?

What is a role of membrane proteins that bind to molecules outside the cell?

What are lipid rafts?

What best describes centrosome and centrioles?