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Cariotipo humano: básicos

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Cariotipo humano: básicos

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Conoce tu karyotipo

Created by

Mariangel Duran
Mariangel Duran
Venezuela

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Cariotipo humano: básicos
 

Cariotipo humano: básicosOnline version

Conoce tu karyotipo

by Mariangel Duran
1

¿Qué es un cariotipo humano?

2

¿Cuántos cromosomas tiene una célula humana somática (diploide)?

3

¿Qué cromosomas determinan sexo en humanos?

4

¿Cómo se llama la combinación típica de cromosomas en mujeres?

5

¿Cómo se llama la combinación típica de cromosomas en hombres?

6

¿Qué significa diploide?

7

¿Qué es un parejo de cromosomas autosómicos?

8

¿Qué par cromosómico define a la mayoría de los rasgos sexuales humanos?

9

¿Qué falta normalmente en el cariotipo de un varón con síndrome de Klinefelter?

10

¿Qué se identifica en un cariotipo para diagnóstico?

Explicación

El cariotipo organiza cromosomas por tamaño y forma para estudiar su número y estructura.

Las células somáticas humanas tienen 23 pares, 46 cromosomas en total.

El par sexual humano típico es XX para mujeres y XY para hombres.

La norma femenina es 46 cromosomas, de los cuales dos son sexuales: XX.

La norma masculina es 46 cromosomas, con XY como sexuales.

Diploide indica dos juegos completos de cromosomas.

Los 22 pares autosómicos no sexuales forman la mayor parte del cariotipo.

El par 23 determina sexo; XX o XY.

Klinefelter suele tener 47,XXY: un X extra en masculino.

Se buscan anormalidades en número, estructura o apariencia de cromosomas.

 
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