Quiz: Translation Quest


Translation QuestOnline version Translation basics quiz by Isabelle Shiraishi 1 What is Translation? a Translation transfers information from one nucleic acid to another – same language, same group of chemicals. b Translation transfers information from proteins to nucleic acids – same language, same group of chemicals. c Translation = mRNA-directed synthesis of polypeptides (proteins). d Transcription converts RNA to DNA. 2 Which molecular machine binds mRNA and reads it 5' to 3' direction? a RNA polymerase b Ribosome c tRNA d DNA helicase 3 Where are amino acids joined to form polypeptides during translation? a RNA ligase forms peptide bonds. b DNA ligase forms peptide bonds. c The ribosome catalyzes peptide bond formation between the growing polypeptide and the incoming amino acid. d tRNA binds directly to DNA to form bonds 4 What are the three sites on the bacterial ribosome where tRNA binds during translation? a Codon site, anticodon site, tRNA site b A site, B site, C site c Start site, Middle site, End site d A site, P site, and E site 5 What catalyzes attachment of a specific amino acid to its cognate tRNA (tRNA charging)? a Ribosome b DNA polymerase c RNA polymerase d Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases 6 What is the start codon in bacteria, and what is a common alternative start codon? a UGA is the start codon; UAG can sometimes serve as start codon b AUG is the start codon; GUG can sometimes serve as start codon c UAA is the start codon; UGA can sometimes serve as start codon d ACG is the start codon; AUG can sometimes serve as start codon 7 What is the wobble position in tRNA and why is it important? a Some tRNAs can recognize more than one codon because the first base of the anticodon and third base of the codon do not always have to be perfectly complementary b Wobble position refers to errors during transcription that wobble the sequence c Wobble position is where tRNA attaches to ribosome d Wobble position is the site where mRNA is transcribed from DNA 8 Which statement about translation in eukaryotes is correct? a Eukaryotic mRNAs are monocistronic and generally start translation at the first good context AUG b Eukaryotes do not require initiation factors for translation c Eukaryotic mRNAs are polycistronic and always start at the first AUG d Eukaryotes use fMet-tRNA to initiate translation

1

What is Translation?

a

Translation transfers information from one nucleic acid to another – same language, same group of chemicals.

b

Translation transfers information from proteins to nucleic acids – same language, same group of chemicals.

c

Translation = mRNA-directed synthesis of polypeptides (proteins).

d

Transcription converts RNA to DNA.

2

Which molecular machine binds mRNA and reads it 5' to 3' direction?

a

RNA polymerase

b

Ribosome

c

tRNA

d

DNA helicase

3

Where are amino acids joined to form polypeptides during translation?

a

RNA ligase forms peptide bonds.

b

DNA ligase forms peptide bonds.

c

The ribosome catalyzes peptide bond formation between the growing polypeptide and the incoming amino acid.

d

tRNA binds directly to DNA to form bonds

4

What are the three sites on the bacterial ribosome where tRNA binds during translation?

a

Codon site, anticodon site, tRNA site

b

A site, B site, C site

c

Start site, Middle site, End site

d

A site, P site, and E site

5

What catalyzes attachment of a specific amino acid to its cognate tRNA (tRNA charging)?

a

Ribosome

b

DNA polymerase

c

RNA polymerase

d

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases

6

What is the start codon in bacteria, and what is a common alternative start codon?

a

UGA is the start codon; UAG can sometimes serve as start codon

b

AUG is the start codon; GUG can sometimes serve as start codon

c

UAA is the start codon; UGA can sometimes serve as start codon

d

ACG is the start codon; AUG can sometimes serve as start codon

7

What is the wobble position in tRNA and why is it important?

a

Some tRNAs can recognize more than one codon because the first base of the anticodon and third base of the codon do not always have to be perfectly complementary

b

Wobble position refers to errors during transcription that wobble the sequence

c

Wobble position is where tRNA attaches to ribosome

d

Wobble position is the site where mRNA is transcribed from DNA

8

Which statement about translation in eukaryotes is correct?

a

Eukaryotic mRNAs are monocistronic and generally start translation at the first good context AUG

b

Eukaryotes do not require initiation factors for translation

c

Eukaryotic mRNAs are polycistronic and always start at the first AUG

d

Eukaryotes use fMet-tRNA to initiate translation

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Translation Quest

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Translation QuestOnline version

by Isabelle Shiraishi

What is Translation?

Which molecular machine binds mRNA and reads it 5' to 3' direction?

Where are amino acids joined to form polypeptides during translation?

What are the three sites on the bacterial ribosome where tRNA binds during translation?

What catalyzes attachment of a specific amino acid to its cognate tRNA (tRNA charging)?

What is the start codon in bacteria, and what is a common alternative start codon?

What is the wobble position in tRNA and why is it important?

Which statement about translation in eukaryotes is correct?

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